Desizing Enzymes and Chemicals in the Textile Industry

Desizing enzymes and chemicals play a critical role in the textile industry by effectively removing sizing agents applied during the weaving process. Sizing materials such as starch, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) are used to strengthen and smoothen yarns, but they must be removed before dyeing or printing to ensure uniform color absorption and fabric softness.

Enzymatic Desizing

Enzymatic desizing is the most preferred and eco-friendly method, especially for starch-based sizes. It involves the use of amylase enzymes, which break down starch molecules into water-soluble dextrins and sugars. These by-products are easily washed away, leaving the fabric clean and prepared for subsequent processes.

• Advantages:

  • Gentle on fabric, preserving its strength and texture.

  • Reduces water and energy consumption, promoting sustainability.

  • Ensures consistent removal of size, enhancing dyeing and finishing quality.

Chemical Desizing

Chemical desizing is employed for synthetic and water-soluble sizes, using various chemicals to dissolve or degrade the size material.

• Oxidative Desizing: Uses hydrogen peroxide or potassium permanganate to break down the size. Effective for stubborn sizes but requires controlled application to avoid fabric damage.

• Alkaline Desizing: Utilizes sodium hydroxide or mild alkalis to remove PVA or CMC-based sizes.

• Acid Desizing: Involves diluted acids (e.g., sulfuric acid) to hydrolyze starch sizes, though it is less common due to the risk of fabric weakening.

Applications and Benefits

Efficient desizing with desizing enzymes and chemicals improves dye penetration, enhances fabric softness, and ensures consistent coloration. Tex Aux Chemicals offers a range of high-performance desizing solutions that deliver effective size removal while maintaining fabric integrity, supporting sustainable and high-quality textile production.